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| Bugis People - Makassar, South Sulawesi |
The Bugis
Bugis
people is one of Indonesian ethnic which are the inhabitant of South
Sulawesi. This tribe is the biggest three after Javanese and Sundanese.
Beside the indigenous who live in South Sulawesi, the immigrant of
Minangkabau who wander from Sumatra to Sulawesi and the Malay people
are being called as Bugis people.
At
present time, The Bugis is spread to all over Indonesia like Sulawesi
Tenggara, Sulawesi Tengah, Papua, Kalimantan Timur, Kalimantan Selatan
even to going abroad. Bugis people are the the most group who insist to
spread the Islamic religion.
The
word Bugis is referred to the word To Ugi, means Bugis People.
Formerly, it referred to the first King of Chinese Kingdom in Pammana
who is La Sattumpugi, which now is the regency of Wajo. The people named
themselves To Ugi or the people of La Sattumpugi.
On
the following era, this people are divided and growth in some
kingdoms. Then, east group developing their own culture, language,
literacy and their own governmental. It is mention that the classic
Bugis people are coming from Luwu, Bone, Wajo, Soppeng, Suppa, Sawitto,
Sidenreng and Rappang. Those classic group are divided from the ancient
kingdom that form during the development of Bugis people. The history
mention that the kingdoms which growth during the early time and
affected the Bugis was the era of Bone Kingdom, Makassar Kingdom,
Soppeng Kingdom and Wajo Kingdom. Moreover, the era of the conflict
among the royal emperor, the entrance of Islamic religion, Dutch
colonialism and independence revolution.
In
the past, Bugis people was famous by settled foreigner. The expertise
of Bugis-Makassar sailing the ocean was trustworthy, they went up to
the overseas territory of Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei, Thailand,
Australia, Madagascar and South Africa. In fact, they also went to Cape
Town. Moreover, in South Africa there is a suburb named Maccassar, as a
sign of local residents to remember their ancestors homeland.
The
reason of Bugis people went to wander because there was conflict among
the royal kingdom between Bugis kingdom and Makassar kingdom on 16,
17, 18 and 19 century. The people from the coastal area was mostly
wander, instead of they hope for life independence.
Nowadays,
Bugis people are mostly doing farming, fishing and trading instead of
sailing the ocean. The women are mostly help the men doing farming and
some of the elder are still weaving the silk sarong, which is the
traditional cloth of Bugis-Makassar.
Many
of the marriages are still arranged by parents and ideally take place
between cousins. A newlywed couple often lives with the wife’s family
for the first few years of their marriage.
In
early 1600s after the Islam missionary spread the Islam religion to
Makassar, the Bugis held the animist religion, then, they were
converted to Islam 1611. A few west coast rulers converted to
Christianity in the mid-sixteenth century, but it was failure by the
Portuguese at Malacca to provide priests to preach the gospel, it meant
that this did not last.
On
daily speaking, The Bugis are use their own dialect called “Bahasa
Ugi” or Ugi language and they have their own literacy called “Aksara
Bugis”. This literacy was founded in 12 century during the entrance of
Hindu in Indonesia archipelago.
Bugis
people are group who have strong philosophy from their own, there are
four principals that they are concern to build their life philosophy,
they are:
- The principal of persistent life
- Solidarity and loyalty
- Siri or Pride
- Etiquette and Manners
- Solidarity and loyalty
- Siri or Pride
- Etiquette and Manners
Those principals are the essential things that build The Bugis to be a social human being. To be a unique group in diversities.
